Evolution in Agriculture

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Science

Evolution in Agriculture

This is a #SciFund project.

Agriculture covers nearly 40% of all land on the planet. Within this agricultural landscape weedy and also native plants occur. Even as farmers are concerned about increasingly aggressive weeds, conservationists are concerned about the preservation of biodiversity across the globe. We don't know if wild plants are adapting to agricultural lands differently than wild lands.

Is evolution proceeding just as it does in our pristine National Parks? Or is evolution altered in some significant way in agricultural landscapes? If the evolution of native plants is altered in agricultural landscapes we need to measure the extent to which it happens, and get out there and fix, or at least ameliorate, the problem.

My research seeks to answer the question: Is evolution of native plants altered in agricultural landscapes? What I have found so far is very interesting. The main organisms driving evolution of flower traits, bees, are more abundant near sunflower crops, but are less diverse across the landscape near this single crop type. This reduced diversity of bees likely influences evolution of the wild sunflowers.

As my study species is a native plant, my research will help us understand if evolution is altered in agricultural lands, and what we may be able to do about it. In addition, because my study species is also a weed in fields, this research will help us understand the evolution of agricultural weeds.

Your support will pay student researchers to work in the lab on my project. They will measure flower traits, quantify defense hairs on leaves, and count pollen grains deposited on flower stigmas. These data will allow me to determine how agriculture is influencing evolution of 1) individual flowers, and 2) defense hairs on leaves. Also, figuring out the number of pollen grains deposited on flowers will allow me to determine how changes in pollinators near crops contribute to the evolution of wild sunflowers.

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